If you grew up in the 1970s, 80s or even 90s, you’ll remember how hard it could be to have a private phone call. Plenty of households had just one phone with a cord, which made it nearly impossible to avoid eavesdropping siblings and parents. Of course, we all know what happened to landlines when cell phone technology became mainstream: Even a couple of years ago more than half of American homes had already ditched them, a number that has certainly increased by now.A similar extinction awaits traditional checking accounts. Why? The same sort of disruption that pulled the cord on millions of landlines is already underway in the world of personal finance, thanks to the rapid emergence and improvement of prepaid debit cards. The numbers alone show that checking accounts have already begun their walk into history. Indeed, between 2009 and 2012, prepaid card transactions grew at an annual rate of over 33 percent, with the total number of transactions reaching 3.1 billion in 2012 alone. Fitch Ratings recently declared that the rise of prepaid card transactions is likely to continue.There are a number of reasons to believe that Fitch is right and all of those reasons are very bad news for checking accounts. In part, the reason prepaid debit cards will make checking accounts obsolete is because the accounts themselves have become less and less attractive. Long gone are the days when checking accounts could be counted on to be gratis. In fact, 41 percent of banks say they will not offer free checking this year, an uptick of 8 percent since just last year. To be fair, banks are choosing to add fees in response to federal legislation that reduced what they could charge for regular debit card transactions and left a big hole in their revenue.But an even bigger reason the days of checking accounts are numbered is significant improvements in prepaid debit cards themselves. Long the last resort of people who couldn’t obtain bank accounts or credit cards – the so-called “unbanked” – prepaid debit cards were layered with outrageous fees. Some prepaid cards are still very bad deals (especially those with celebrity names on them) but the influx of cards from large financial institutions like American Express have vastly improved the consumer friendliness of these products. In fact, earlier this month the Pew Charitable Trusts released a study that found that many prepaid cards are more affordable than checking accounts.Besides the fact that checking accounts can no longer be counted on to be free, prepaid cards increasingly offer other features consumers find attractive. Since you can only spend money that’s already in a prepaid account, it’s impossible to either bust your budget or incur hefty overdraft charges. According to Shane Tripcony of BestPrepaidDebitCards.com, “The most common statement I get from current prepaid cardholders is their appreciation for that fact that they no longer get hit by overdraft fees with their card. It keeps their spending in check and does not allow for unplanned-for expenses. Some prepaid debit cards allow users to tap into a fee-free nationwide ATM network and others permit cardholders to write checks. “The bill paying and check writing capabilities without the threat of overdraft charges is what really helps prepaid cardholders,” said Tripcony.
Wireless provider T-Mobile can see the writing on the wall for checking accounts. In January the communications company jumped into financial services with the launch of Mobile Money a combination prepaid debit card, money management app and nationwide ATM network. For T-Mobile customers (non-customers can be subject to more fees), Mobile Money can be a basically free replacement for a no longer free checking account. And in a way, isn’t it appropriate that a cell phone company is helping to hasten the demise of a dinosaur every bit as obsolete as a landline?
The annual South by Southwest Festival (SXSW) in Austin, Texas has earned a global reputation as a place where talented bands and filmmakers go to do something special. Now it’s American Express’s turn to go big. At this year’s SXSW Interactive Festival, the technology arm of the sprawling event, American Express unveiled several major initiatives to both shine a spotlight on the needs of the tens of millions of Americans who are not well-served by the current financial system and to do something about it.
Appropriately enough, American Express chose SXSW as the place to show a trailer to a movie it is helping produce. The film, Spent: Looking for Change, premiering this summer, is a documentary that tells the stories of ordinary Americans who are frozen out of the traditional financial system. Forced to rely on expensive options like payday loans and money orders, the movie shows how time-consuming and costly it is for an estimated 70 million Americans to move money around and pay bills, tasks that people with bank and credit card accounts take for granted. “Not having a bank account makes it incredibly difficult to manage your day to day finances, it often means you can’t establish credit, and therefore can’t buy a home, finance a car, or take out a student loan,” says Davis Guggenheim, the executive creative director and the filmmaker behind An Inconvenient Truth and Waiting for Superman.
While the film is meant to raise awareness for the problems faced by Americans not served by the mainstream financial services industry, American Express’s other announcements at SXSW are meant to find solutions. One of the company’s new efforts will be to devote funding to technology startups focused on improving the options available to the financially disenfranchised. Specifically, American Express Ventures, a Silicon Valley effort targeted at finding technology innovation in financial services, will seek out technology startups that provide people greater access to capital, promote savings and develop new credit building models.
In addition, American Express announced the establishment of a Financial Innovation Lab. Set to begin work this June, the lab will give researchers, technologists and professionals working with the underserved an opportunity to work together and share ideas and solutions. “We want to help modernize traditional banking and advance the next generation of products. By supporting new technology as well as the work of researchers and promising startups, I believe we can bring more people from the margins to the mainstream,” says Dan Schulman, group president of Enterprise Growth at American Express.
There’s also plenty of self-interest in American Express’s announcements at SXSW. The company has released low-fee prepaid debit card products, Serve and Bluebird, over the past few years and has made no secret of its efforts to grow its business by meeting the needs of America’s unbanked and under banked.
To view the trailer and to find out more about American Express’ commitment to improving financial inclusion visit: www.spentmovie.com.
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A recent report by Mercator Advisory Group examines the vulnerability of prepaid debit cards to criminals.
by Chris Warren
Prepaid debit cards make it into the news a lot these days. A lot of the time stories are focused on the maneuvering of large financial services companies like Chase and American Express and the various strategies they’re implementing to grab a larger chunk of this ever-growing market.
But there has also been a steady stream of news recently about fraud involving prepaid debit cards. For instance, in mid-November six Yonkers, New York residents were arrested and charged with hacking into bank financial systems and swiping prepaid debit card information that enabled them to steal $45 million. There have also been frequent reports of criminals posing as utility workers, who threaten victims with shutting off their power unless they put money on a prepaid debit card.
While the use of prepaid debit cards by criminals is gaining notoriety, the scope of the overall problem may not be so dire. Indeed, according to a recent report by Mercator Advisory Group, a consulting company, fraud involving prepaid debit cards is much smaller than what takes place with debit cards. The report, “Prepaid Card Fraud and Risk Controls in the United States,” notes that criminals target credit, debit and prepaid cards alike simply because they all have some level of weakness that can be exploited.
In addition, Ben Jackson, the report’s co-author and a senior analyst at Mercator’s Prepaid Advisory Service, insists that further regulation of the industry isn’t necessary. “Prepaid fraud is a serious, but manageable problem, as long as the members of the prepaid value chain work together. There is nothing inherent to prepaid that makes it more or less risky than other financial products,” he says.
Furthermore, Jackson outlines a variety of best practices that can be implemented to thwart criminals. For instance, the report says that card issuers and retailers should not be hesitant to say “no” to customers who raise red flags. In addition, the report encourages companies and banks to ask for additional documentation in situations when they feel it’s warranted and also to create a list of problematic names, addresses and phone numbers.
Analysts disagree about how much longtime prepaid debit card supplier Green Dot should worry about new competitors
By Shane Tripcony
Recently, (Green Dot Corporation- click for our review of their prepaid card) has been a source of debate and disagreement. A longtime issuer of prepaid debit cards, Monrovia, California-based Green Dot, is an established player in the industry, selling Visa and MasterCard branded prepaid cards both online and at tens of thousands of retail locations. In its most recent quarterly earnings report this past July, Green Dot not only declared that both its net income and revenue were 4 percent higher than the year before, but it also raised its full-year guidance.
Not everyone is as rosy about Green Dot’s position in the prepaid industry. In mid-October, the company’s stock price took a tumble after Janney Capital Markets’ analyst, Thomas McCrohan, issued a client note (http://www.businessweek.com/ap/2013-10-16/analyst-cuts-green-dot-to-sell-on-competition) downgrading his rating of Green Dot from “Neutral” to “Sell.” McCrohan’s dimmed view on Green Dot’s fortunes were due to what he saw as stiffening competition from big financial players like American Express. In particular, McCrohan cited the low (or non-existent) reload fees available with cards such as AmEx’s Serve and newly introduced cards from retailers like Walgreen’s.
In McCrohan’s analysis, Green Dot’s Wal-Mart MoneyCard, which has a $3 reload fee, doesn’t stack up well. “Paying a fee to reload cash onto a card is an irritant to most consumers, and retailers are beginning to turn to zero-fee reloads as a tool to drive foot traffic,” McCrohan wrote in his note to clients.
McCrohan’s comments about Green Dot came during a stretch in which the company’s shares slid to three months’ low. Not everyone seems to share McCrohan’s dour view on Green Dot. On October 29, Piper Jaffray analyst, Michael Grondahl, (http://www.businessweek.com/ap/2013-10-29/green-dot-climbs-as-analyst-raises-rating)elevated his rating of the company from “Neutral” to “Overweight.” Grondahl said that the impact of increased competition on Green Dot’s business health was being overstated. He also noted that Wal-Mart is not pressuring the company to reduce fees on its card and is instead offering a larger selection of Green Dot cards.
McCrohan, Grondahl and other observers of the quickly expanding prepaid industry will be able to quibble all the more soon. On October 31, Green Dot is set to (http://ir.greendot.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=235286&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1865243&highlight=”) announce its third quarter financial results.
In the increasingly competitive world of prepaid debit cards, companies are having to scramble to stand out from the crowd. The American Express Serve card has done that thus far by offering a variety of perks – including things like roadside assistance, purchase protection and early access to sporting event and concert tickets – that one would expect from a global financial services company like Amex.
But the desire to entice more people to sign up for the Serve prepaid debit card is no doubt behind a number of changes American Express announced in mid-August of 2013. While not as glamorous as, say, the chance to snap up good seats to a Dallas Cowboys and Washington Redskins clash, the recent tweaks made to American Express Serve accounts are more substantive and beneficial to regular cardholders.
Indeed, in the past American Express Serve cardholders were able to replenish their accounts using direct deposit from their employer or by, among other things, accessing funds from a separate debit or credit card account. As of August 13, however, Serve accounts began accepting direct deposit for a variety of payments from the federal government as well, everything from tax deposits to Social Security checks to Worker’s Compensation.
Another upgrade made to the Serve card involves ATM transactions. Cardholders will now be able to withdraw cash without incurring a fee from more than 22,000 ATMs in the MoneyPass network worldwide. Outside of the MoneyPass network, Serve will charge $2 per withdrawal, which is in addition to any fee levied by the ATM operator.
Perhaps the most important of the recent changes announced by American Express has to do with Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insurance. As of August 13, any time a Serve cardholder adds money to their account, American Express quickly places those funds into a so-called custodial account (with either Wells Fargo or American Express Centurion Bank) that has FDIC insurance. The upshot of this is that Serve account holders receive what’s known as FDIC pass-through insurance, meaning that their money (up to $250,000) is protected should a bank fail.
As competition among prepaid debit card issuers heats up, expect more and more changes and improvements to the standard features companies offer.
Talk about a big, captive audience. Every month the online video game called League of Legends attracts 32 million players from all around the world, who together spend a staggering one billion hours virtually battling and trying to outsmart one another.
In August of 2013, American Express announced a partnership with the developer of League of Legends, Riot Games, to release a line of prepaid debit cards geared specifically towards the game’s many devoted fans. According to a report in The New York Times, the collaboration is a way for American Express to capture the much- coveted attention of the mostly male, 18 to 24-year-old players while providing Riot Games with the kind of financial resources it needs to expand. “There is a great opportunity for brands here, particularly brands that make sense for our players,” Times reporter Tanzina Vega quoted Dustin Beck, vice president of electronic sports at Riot Games as saying.
While the American Express Serve Prepaid Account works in much the same way as any prepaid debit card – allowing cardholders to fund their accounts in a variety of ways, including direct deposit, and then spend the money wherever American Express is accepted – there are naturally a host of elements designed to appeal to League of Legend gamers. Indeed, according to the American Express press release announcing the partnership, players can personalize their cards with images and logos from the game. Perhaps more importantly, using the prepaid debit card earns players so-called “Riot Points,” which is the virtual currency used in League of Legends to purchase characters and other goodies helpful in the game.
For instance, anyone who completes registration for the card – which has no activation fee and no minimum balance – earns 1,000 Riot Points. Loading $20 onto the card for the first time earns gamers 1,000 and initiating direct deposit to fund the card garners 10,000 Riot Points. American Express undoubtedly hopes that the passion so many people have for League of Legends will transfer to the prepaid debit card. “Riot Games is passionate about serving their players and giving them avenues for enhancing their gaming experience,” said Stefan Happ, senior vice president, US Payment Options for American Express. “Together we’ve been able to create a co-branded product with a unique rewards program that will help League of Legends players earn Riot Points whenever they use their card to make qualifying purchases.”